The NEP primarily aimed to address issues resulting from which of the following?

The New Economic Policy (NEP) was introduced by the Bolshevik government in Russia in 1921 primarily to address the substantial economic turmoil and social dislocation caused by the civil war, which lasted from 1917 to 1922. The civil war led to widespread devastation, a breakdown of economic stability, and severe shortages of food and goods. By implementing the NEP, the government aimed to revitalize the economy by reintroducing some degree of private enterprise and allowing farmers to sell their surplus produce on the open market, thus increasing agricultural production and improving the overall economy.

The NEP served as a pragmatic response to the challenges faced after the civil war, helping to stabilize the nation and lay the groundwork for future development. This shift represented a significant departure from the strict policies of war communism that had been in place during the civil war, which had often exacerbated the economic crisis.