What change did the railway system undergo under the NEP?

The railway system experienced significant improvements under the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the Soviet Union, primarily aimed at revitalizing the economy after the disruptions caused by World War I and the civil war. One of the key aspects of the NEP was the reintroduction of elements of market economics, which encouraged productivity and efficiency.

The correct response highlights that under the NEP, the railway system transported twice as many goods compared to prior to the policy's implementation. This increase was a result of various reforms that aimed to bolster transportation infrastructure and improve the operational efficiency of the rail system. By optimizing the use of resources and incentivizing workers, the railway network was able to expand its capacity and enhance the volume of goods transported. This was in line with broader goals of economic recovery, which sought to increase industrial output and improve supply chains, providing crucial support for the Soviet economy in this transitional phase.

The factors contributing to this growth included better management and investment in infrastructure, alongside the restored engagement of private enterprises to some extent, allowing for improved operational practices within the rail system.