What significant political change did the October Manifesto bring about in Russia?

The October Manifesto, issued by Tsar Nicholas II in 1905, marked a significant political change in Russia by establishing a constitutional monarchy. This document emerged in response to widespread discontent and revolutionary activity, particularly following the disastrous Russo-Japanese War and the subsequent unrest. The Manifesto promised the creation of a legislative assembly, known as the Duma, and granted citizens certain basic civil liberties, such as freedom of speech, assembly, and the right to form political parties.

This shift towards a constitutional monarchy was crucial because it represented an effort to adapt to the burgeoning demands for reform and to placate opposition movements by allowing some measure of political representation and rights for the populace. Although the Duma had limited powers and the Tsar retained significant authority, the October Manifesto was a foundational moment in the gradual movement towards a more democratic governance structure in Russia, even if it ultimately fell short of fulfilling the aspirations for full political freedom and reform.

The other choices inaccurately reflect the outcome of the October Manifesto. The transition to an absolute monarchy would suggest that the Tsar gained more power, which was contrary to the intentions behind the Manifesto. The end of all monarchy and the creation of a socialist government did not occur as a result of