Who referred to Maximilien Robespierre as "The sea-green incorruptible"?

The phrase "the sea-green incorruptible" was coined by the 19th-century British historian Thomas Carlyle. He used this description in his work to highlight Robespierre’s intense moral dedication and unwavering commitment to the revolutionary principles of virtue and justice. Carlyle’s portrayal reflects the complex image of Robespierre as both a champion of revolutionary ideals and a figure whose adherence to these ideals led to extreme measures during the Reign of Terror. This characterization effectively captures the paradox of Robespierre's personal integrity against the backdrop of political violence and turmoil.

The other options, while historically significant figures in relation to the French Revolution, did not use this specific phrase. Voltaire, known for his criticisms of authority and advocacy for civil liberties, and Georges Danton, a leading figure in the early revolutionary government, likely discussed Robespierre but did not coin this particular nickname. Jean-Paul Marat, a radical journalist and politician, was a contemporary of Robespierre but also did not refer to him in this manner. Therefore, the reference to "the sea-green incorruptible" distinctly aligns with Carlyle, reflecting his literary interpretation of Robespierre's role in the revolution.